The BacteriaChapter 4, p. 77-106. The Bacterial Cell
Objectives / Study Questions:
Anatomy, Structure, Function of Prokaryotic Cells
- Compare and contrast the overall cell structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
- Identify the three basic shapes of bacteria.
- Describe the structure and function of the glycocalyx, flagella, axial filaments, fimbriae, and pili.
- Compare and contrast the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, acid-fast bacteria, archaea, and mycoplasmas.
- Describe the structure, chemistry, and functions of the prokaryotic plasma membrane.
- Identify the functions of the nuclear area, ribosomes, and inclusions.
- Describe the functions of endospores, sporulation, and endospore germination.
- Explain the difference between the term bacillus and Bacillus.
- Describe the major structural differences between gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls.
- Explain under what conditions endospores are formed by bacteria.
Clinically Significant Bacteria
- How can gangrene be prevented?
- Are corynebacteria gram-positive or gram-negative?
- What is cutaneous diphtheria?
- What characteristics of mycobacterium suggest the use of the prefix myco-?
- What causes pus formation in gonorrhea?
- Describe how gonorrhea is diagnosed.
- Identify the toxin and bacterial species that produces the ‘scalded skin syndrome’.
- Describe how syphilis is diagnosed.
- A diagnostic method for syphilis is using the darkfield microscope. Explain why we don’t use a brightfield microscope.
- Describe the primary, secondary and tertiary stages of syphilis and how they are distinguished.
- Describe Lyme disease.
- What factors are responsible for the geographic distribution of Lyme disease?
- What symptoms occur once the Lyme disease rash fades?
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